{"id":96384,"date":"2025-07-29T16:29:49","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T14:29:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2025.power-shift.de\/staubiger-glanz-neue-rohstoffbedarfe-der-eu-alte-ungerechtigkeiten-fuer-suedafrika\/"},"modified":"2025-10-06T21:54:05","modified_gmt":"2025-10-06T19:54:05","slug":"rohstoffe-suedafrika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/en\/rohstoffe-suedafrika\/","title":{"rendered":"Dusty shine: New EU raw material needs, old injustices for South Africa"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-relative wpex-vc_row-gap-0 wpex-vc_row-col-mb-0\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"scroll-nav\" id=\"scrollNav\">\n    <div class=\"scroll-nav-toggle\">\n        NAVIGATION\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"scroll-nav-menu\">\n        <ul class=\"scroll-nav-list\">\n            <li class=\"scroll-nav-item\">\n                <a href=\"#section1\" class=\"scroll-nav-link\" data-section=\"section1\">Commencement of the raw material journey<\/a>\n            <\/li>\n            <li class=\"scroll-nav-item\">\n                <a href=\"#section2\" class=\"scroll-nav-link\" data-section=\"section2\">On the drip: EU dependency on raw materials<\/a>\n            <\/li>\n            <li class=\"scroll-nav-item\">\n                <a href=\"#section3\" class=\"scroll-nav-link\" data-section=\"section3\">The new EU Raw Materials Act<\/a>\n            <\/li>\n            <li class=\"scroll-nav-item\">\n                <a href=\"#section4\" class=\"scroll-nav-link\" data-section=\"section4\">Information on the use of metals and the role of South Africa<\/a>\n            <\/li>\n            <li class=\"scroll-nav-item\">\n                <a href=\"#section5\" class=\"scroll-nav-link\" data-section=\"section5\">Dusty shine: Iron and manganese from South Africa<\/a>\n            <\/li>\n            <li class=\"scroll-nav-item\">\n                <a href=\"#section6\" class=\"scroll-nav-link\" data-section=\"section6\">Inheriting a racist spatial policy<\/a>\n            <\/li>\n            <li class=\"scroll-nav-item\">\n                <a href=\"#section7\" class=\"scroll-nav-link\" data-section=\"section7\">Responsibility of German companies<\/a>\n            <\/li>\n            <li class=\"scroll-nav-item\">\n                <a href=\"#section8\" class=\"scroll-nav-link\" data-section=\"section8\">Whose energy transition? Questions for Germany and the EU<\/a>\n            <\/li>\n            <li class=\"scroll-nav-item\">\n                <a href=\"#section9\" class=\"scroll-nav-link\" data-section=\"section9\">All of our dust: Raw material turnaround Now!<\/a>\n            <\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n    <\/div>\n<\/nav>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"section1\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-py-50 vc_row-o-full-height vc_row-o-columns-middle vc_row-flex wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-vc_row-has-fill tablet-fullwidth-columns wpex-vc_row-mx-0 wpex-has-video-bg\"><div class=\"wpex-video-bg-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-overflow-hidden wpex-rounded-inherit\"><video class=\"wpex-video-bg wpex-video-bg-center wpex-absolute wpex-top-50 wpex-left-50 -wpex-translate-xy-50 wpex-w-auto wpex-h-auto wpex-min-w-100 wpex-min-h-100\" preload=\"auto\" autoplay=\"true\" aria-hidden=\"true\" playsinline loop=\"loop\" muted volume=\"0\"><source src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/1-Port-Saldanha-Bay_Upscale.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><\/video><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column suedafrika-hero vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\" id=\"section1\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>.vcex-heading.vcex_6aa7ca85da3f5{color:var(--wpex-on-accent);font-size:var(--wpex-text-3xl);}<\/style><h1 class=\"vcex-heading vcex-heading-plain vcex-module wpex-heading wpex-text-2xl wpex-mb-30 vcex_6aa7ca85da3f5\"><span class=\"vcex-heading-inner wpex-inline-block\">Dusty shine:<br \/>\nnew raw material needs of the EU;<br \/>\nThe Injustices of South Africa<\/span><\/h1><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser vcex-teaser-three wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-shadow wpex-w-fit wpex-my-30 wpex-surface-2\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content wpex-p-20\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><p>A collection of stories by <strong>Hannah Pilgrim<\/strong>, based on the brochure:<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/PowerShift_Rohstoffpolitik_Broschuere-Suedafrika.pdf\" class=\"vcex-button theme-button flat accent small align-left inline\" title=\"Visit site\" rel=\"none\"><span class=\"vcex-button-inner theme-button-inner wpex-flex wpex-flex-wrap wpex-items-center wpex-justify-center\"><span  style=\"color:000;margin-right:10px;font-size:16px;\" class=\"wpex-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M64 464l48 0 0 48-48 0c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64L0 64C0 28.7 28.7 0 64 0L229.5 0c17 0 33.3 6.7 45.3 18.7l90.5 90.5c12 12 18.7 28.3 18.7 45.3L384 304l-48 0 0-144-80 0c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32l0-80L64 48c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16l0 384c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16zM176 352l32 0c30.9 0 56 25.1 56 56s-25.1 56-56 56l-16 0 0 32c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-48 0-80c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm32 80c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24s-10.7-24-24-24l-16 0 0 48 16 0zm96-80l32 0c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48l0 64c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48l-32 0c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16l0-128c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm32 128c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16l0-64c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16l-16 0 0 96 16 0zm80-112c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16l48 0c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16l-32 0 0 32 32 0c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16l-32 0 0 48c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-64 0-64z\"\/><\/svg><\/span>New EU raw material needs, old injustices for South Africa<\/span><\/a> \n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser vcex-teaser-three wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-shadow wpex-w-fit wpex-max-w-60 wpex-surface-2\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content wpex-p-20\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><p>The thundering of the port loads in the distance, the screaming of the seagulls in the azure sky and the red dust flying through the lagoon of Saldanha. It seems so incredibly far away from the wintry grey in Berlin or Brussels. But the glow is deceiving, just like the glow of the picturesque beach on the South African west coast, where my feet just dig into the warm sand.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-xl-pt-50 wpex-relative\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-z-10 suedafrika-background\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><p>I stand here because in less than three kilometres as the crow flies, large quantities of iron and manganese are being loaded onto the cargo ships. Metals that are ultimately also installed and used on the roads of Germany in the form of cars, batteries or in buildings.<\/p>\n<p>Germany and the EU have been heavily dependent on raw materials from South Africa for decades. In addition, we are one of the largest consumers of metallic raw materials and a new political run on metals is emerging worldwide - including in South Africa - for the transformation into a post-fossil economy and the maintenance of the economic status quo.<\/p>\n<p>More than 12,000 kilometres from Europe, South Africa's current political climate meets historical continuities of exploitation and the continued outsourcing of the European lifestyle.<\/p>\n<p>While politics and the economy focus on securing raw material imports, there is alarmingly little question about the impact of our metal-rich lifestyle on mining regions.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 wp-image-95630 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-World-Route-V2-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"672\" height=\"378\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-World-Route-V2-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-World-Route-V2-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-World-Route-V2-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-World-Route-V2-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-World-Route-V2-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-World-Route-V2-600x338.png 600w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-World-Route-V2.png 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 672px) 100vw, 672px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element wpex-w-100\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<iframe title=\"Port Saldanha Bay\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/JmqISXJ7afE\" width=\"416\" height=\"740\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"section2\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-xl-pt-50 wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca85e3926\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca85e3926 > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:var(--wpex-palette-150-color);}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca85e58a0 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca85e44df\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col vcex_6aa7ca85e58a0\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><h2 class=\"vcex-teaser-heading wpex-heading wpex-text-xl\">On the drip: EU dependencies on raw materials and the new run on metals<\/h2><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><p>Only a few months later I walk over the Place de Rogier in the centre of Brussels.<\/p>\n<p>The November sun shows on this cold morning from the most beautiful side and the modern gleaming architecture of the office buildings blends with the pompous Art Nouveau facades.<\/p>\n<p>I'm on my way to Hotel Le Plaza. The European Commission is hosting Raw Materials Week.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95586 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-Bruessel-Raw-Materials-Week-1024x610.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"980\" height=\"584\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-Bruessel-Raw-Materials-Week-1024x610.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-Bruessel-Raw-Materials-Week-300x179.jpg 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-Bruessel-Raw-Materials-Week-768x457.jpg 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-Bruessel-Raw-Materials-Week-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-Bruessel-Raw-Materials-Week-600x357.jpg 600w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-Bruessel-Raw-Materials-Week.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 980px) 100vw, 980px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u201cEurope is business\u201d calls it from the speakers. Shortly thereafter, there is loud applause in the stucco-studded hall. Nicola Beer, rapporteur, announces the political agreement on the Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA). I slide back and forth restlessly in my chair and try not to pour the coffee over my lap with excitement.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element wpex-w-100\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpex-pb-30\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/2025.power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/flag_yellow_low.jpg\" alt=\"European Flag\" width=\"150\" height=\"auto\"> <\/div>\n<iframe title=\"Brussels way hotel\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/G1v-YY5bKXY\" width=\"416\" height=\"740\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"section3\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-xl-pt-50 wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca85e8c52\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca85e8c52 > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:transparent;}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>@media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) {.vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca85e99e2 > * {flex-basis:50%;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:1;}}.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca85eaa02 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca85e99e2\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col vcex_6aa7ca85eaa02\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><h2 class=\"vcex-teaser-heading wpex-heading wpex-text-xl\">The EU on alert for raw materials and a new law<\/h2><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><p>The EU knows how dependent it is on raw materials from other countries, and with the experience of supply chain disruptions over the last three years and the forecasts of increasing metal demand, it has just been at record speed. <strong>Critical Raw Materials Act<\/strong> adopted.<\/p>\n<p>As part of the EU Green Deal, the law aims to ensure that the EU is reliably supplied with critical raw materials (CRM) and strategic raw materials (SRM) to ensure the decarbonisation of EU industry.<\/p>\n<p>CRM and SRM have been defined by the Commission as raw materials of particular importance to European industries. For example, for digitization, mobility, energy or defence products. The strategic raw materials also include manganese or platinum group metals (PGM), which are extracted to a considerable extent in South Africa.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element wpex-w-100\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpex-pb-30 wpex-max-w-100\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/2025.power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-P058832-242914.jpg\" alt=\"Ursula von der Leyen in front of European flag\" width=\"1140px\" height=\"auto\"> <\/div>\n<blockquote class=\"wpex-text-sm wpex-italic\">\n<p>\u201cLithium and rare earths will soon be more important than oil and gas. Our need for rare earths alone will increase fivefold by 2030. And that is a good sign. It shows the pace at which our European Green Deal is moving forward.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u2014 Ursula von der Leyen<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"section4\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-xl-pt-50 wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca85ebeaa\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca85ebeaa > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:var(--wpex-palette-150-color);}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca85ee17f .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-start:0px;margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca85ecd8c\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col vcex_6aa7ca85ee17f\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><h3>How many metals, most of which are mined in South Africa, were consumed globally in 2022?<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95638 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Metalls-Mined_V2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2280\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Metalls-Mined_V2.png 2280w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Metalls-Mined_V2-300x142.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Metalls-Mined_V2-1024x485.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Metalls-Mined_V2-768x364.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Metalls-Mined_V2-1536x728.png 1536w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Metalls-Mined_V2-2048x970.png 2048w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Metalls-Mined_V2-18x9.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Metalls-Mined_V2-600x284.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2280px) 100vw, 2280px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Selection of significant metals currently imported by Germany and the EU from the African continent<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95625 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-bedeutende_Metalle-V1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2280\" height=\"1880\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-bedeutende_Metalle-V1.png 2280w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-bedeutende_Metalle-V1-300x247.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-bedeutende_Metalle-V1-1024x844.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-bedeutende_Metalle-V1-768x633.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-bedeutende_Metalle-V1-1536x1267.png 1536w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-bedeutende_Metalle-V1-2048x1689.png 2048w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-bedeutende_Metalle-V1-15x12.png 15w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-bedeutende_Metalle-V1-600x495.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2280px) 100vw, 2280px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-xl-pt-50 wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca85ef95a\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca85ef95a > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:transparent;}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca85f1491 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca85f050d\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col vcex_6aa7ca85f1491\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><h3>For which metals is South Africa a major producer?<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95645 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Suedafrika-Produzent-V1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2280\" height=\"1020\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Suedafrika-Produzent-V1.png 2280w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Suedafrika-Produzent-V1-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Suedafrika-Produzent-V1-1024x458.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Suedafrika-Produzent-V1-768x344.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Suedafrika-Produzent-V1-1536x687.png 1536w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Suedafrika-Produzent-V1-2048x916.png 2048w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Suedafrika-Produzent-V1-18x8.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Suedafrika-Produzent-V1-600x268.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2280px) 100vw, 2280px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-xl-pt-50 wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca85f2784\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca85f2784 > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:var(--wpex-palette-150-color);}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca8600a4d .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca85f337f\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col vcex_6aa7ca8600a4d\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><h3>What are the main countries of origin of German imports of industrial metals?<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95629 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-Ursprunglsaender-V2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2280\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-Ursprunglsaender-V2.png 2280w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-Ursprunglsaender-V2-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-Ursprunglsaender-V2-1024x647.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-Ursprunglsaender-V2-768x485.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-Ursprunglsaender-V2-1536x970.png 1536w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-Ursprunglsaender-V2-2048x1293.png 2048w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-Ursprunglsaender-V2-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-Ursprunglsaender-V2-600x379.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2280px) 100vw, 2280px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Which countries have the highest share of the global supply of critical raw materials?<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95627 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-kritische_Rohstoffe-V2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2280\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-kritische_Rohstoffe-V2.png 2280w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-kritische_Rohstoffe-V2-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-kritische_Rohstoffe-V2-1024x647.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-kritische_Rohstoffe-V2-768x485.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-kritische_Rohstoffe-V2-1536x970.png 1536w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-kritische_Rohstoffe-V2-2048x1293.png 2048w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-kritische_Rohstoffe-V2-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Karte-kritische_Rohstoffe-V2-600x379.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2280px) 100vw, 2280px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Which strategic raw materials flow into which sectors?<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95618 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V2-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2280\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V2-4.png 2280w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V2-4-300x26.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V2-4-1024x90.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V2-4-768x67.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V2-4-1536x135.png 1536w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V2-4-2048x180.png 2048w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V2-4-18x2.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V2-4-600x53.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2280px) 100vw, 2280px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_tta-container\" data-vc-action=\"collapseAll\"><div class=\"vc_general vc_tta vc_tta-accordion vc_tta-color-grey vc_tta-style-total vc_tta-shape-rounded vc_tta-o-shape-group vc_tta-controls-align-default vc_tta-o-all-clickable vc_custom_1754496971407\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panels-container\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panels\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panel\" id=\"1754485897308-06a292ae-cac2\" data-vc-content=\".vc_tta-panel-body\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"vc_tta-panel-title vc_tta-controls-icon-position-right\"><a href=\"#1754485897308-06a292ae-cac2\" data-vc-accordion data-vc-container=\".vc_tta-container\"><span class=\"vc_tta-title-text\">Strategic raw materials and their use<\/span><i class=\"vc_tta-controls-icon vc_tta-controls-icon-chevron\"><\/i><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div class=\"vc_tta-panel-body\"><figure class=\"vcex-image vcex-module wpex-max-w-100\"><div class=\"vcex-image-inner wpex-relative wpex-inline-block\"><img width=\"2280\" height=\"2080\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V22.png\" class=\"vcex-image-img wpex-align-middle\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V22.png 2280w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V22-300x274.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V22-1024x934.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V22-768x701.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V22-1536x1401.png 1536w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V22-2048x1868.png 2048w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V22-13x12.png 13w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G5-strategischeRohstoffe-V22-600x547.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2280px) 100vw, 2280px\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-xl-pt-50 wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca86078c8\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca86078c8 > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:transparent;}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca860b86b .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca860e8e1 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca8610437 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-wrap wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca860868b\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-w-100 vcex_6aa7ca860b86b\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><div id=\"pg-w65f6109a3357f-0\" class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\">\n<div class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-w65f6109a3357f-0\">\n<div id=\"pgc-w65f6109a3357f-0-0\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\">\n<div id=\"panel-w65f6109a3357f-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"0\">\n<div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n<h3>Which of these come from South Africa and how many were mined there in 2022?<\/h3>\n<h4><span style=\"font-family: var(--wpex-heading-font-family);font-size: var(--wpex-text-lg);font-style: var(--wpex-heading-font-style);font-weight: var(--wpex-heading-font-weight);letter-spacing: var(--wpex-heading-letter-spacing);text-transform: var(--wpex-heading-text-transform)\">PGM*<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"pg-w65f6109a3357f-1\" class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\">\n<div class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-w65f6109a3357f-1\">\n<div id=\"pgc-w65f6109a3357f-1-0\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\">\n<div id=\"panel-w65f6109a3357f-1-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\">\n<div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n<p>55% of platinum group metals mined in 2022.<\/p>\n<p>*Platinum metals (PGMs), also known as Platinum Group Metals, are a group of six precious metals comprising platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and osmium.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-flex-1 vcex_6aa7ca860e8e1\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><h5>Palladium<\/h5>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95613 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Palladium.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Palladium.png 1140w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Palladium-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Palladium-1024x647.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Palladium-768x485.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Palladium-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Palladium-600x379.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-flex-1 vcex_6aa7ca8610437\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><h5>Platinum<\/h5>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95614 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Platin.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Platin.png 1140w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Platin-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Platin-1024x647.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Platin-768x485.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Platin-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Platin-600x379.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca8613897 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca8615bbb .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca8617353 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca86187f0 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-wrap wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca8611ad8\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-w-100 vcex_6aa7ca8613897\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-divider vcex-divider-solid vcex-divider-center wpex-mx-auto wpex-max-w-100 wpex-block wpex-h-0 wpex-border-b wpex-border-solid wpex-border-main\" style=\"width:100%;margin-block:20px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-color:#dddddd;\"><\/div>\n<h4>Titanium<\/h4>\n<p>10% of the mined\/used titanium from South Africa in 2022.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-flex-1 vcex_6aa7ca8615bbb\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><h5>ilmenite<\/h5>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95611 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Ilmenit.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Ilmenit.png 1140w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Ilmenit-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Ilmenit-1024x647.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Ilmenit-768x485.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Ilmenit-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Ilmenit-600x379.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-flex-1 vcex_6aa7ca8617353\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><h5>Rutile<\/h5>\n<h5><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95615 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Rutile.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Rutile.png 1140w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Rutile-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Rutile-1024x647.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Rutile-768x485.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Rutile-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Rutile-600x379.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/h5>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-w-100 vcex_6aa7ca86187f0\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-divider vcex-divider-solid vcex-divider-center wpex-mx-auto wpex-max-w-100 wpex-block wpex-h-0 wpex-border-b wpex-border-solid wpex-border-main\" style=\"width:100%;margin-block:20px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-color:#dddddd;\"><\/div>\n<h4>manganese<\/h4>\n<p>36% of the manganese mined\/used in 2022 from South Africa.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 wpex-lg-max-w-50 alignnone wp-image-95612 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Mangan.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Mangan.png 1140w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Mangan-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Mangan-1024x647.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Mangan-768x485.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Mangan-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G1-Mangan-600x379.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"section5\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-xl-pt-50 wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca861a008\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca861a008 > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:var(--wpex-palette-150-color);}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca861cbda .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca861a905\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col vcex_6aa7ca861cbda\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><h2 class=\"vcex-teaser-heading wpex-heading wpex-text-xl\">Of red and black dust: Manganese and iron ore<\/h2><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><div id=\"pg-w65f9b12c72bf7-0\" class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\">\n<div id=\"pgc-w65f9b12c72bf7-0-0\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\">\n<div id=\"panel-w65f9b12c72bf7-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"0\">\n<div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n<h3>From the political halls of Brussels back to the South African west coast<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"pg-w65f9b12c72bf7-1\" class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\">\n<div class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-w65f9b12c72bf7-1\">\n<div id=\"pgc-w65f9b12c72bf7-1-0\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\">\n<div id=\"panel-w65f9b12c72bf7-1-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\">\n<div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n<p>In the brooding midday heat I sit next to Kyle Dodds, hotel owner close to the port in Saldanha.<\/p>\n<p>Just a few hours earlier, he had warmly welcomed me and thanked me for taking the time to listen to their concerns. Since iron ore was loaded in close proximity to his property, there would be enormous dust pollution in the region, according to Dodds. While he reports about the immense burden of the port, his cheerfulness is clouded and the worries are written in his face.<\/p>\n<p>To our left the wagons rattle along, which transport the ores from the inland to the coast without any cover. A ros-red carpet lays over the whole region, which even gives the seagulls a pink breast plumage. The value of the houses in the municipalities has also fallen sharply in recent years, as the permanent dust pollution makes maintenance extremely difficult.<\/p>\n<p>The red dust is one thing, but what has also worried Dodds and his family for some time now is the black dust of manganese ore, which is now also exported via Saldanha. It poses life-threatening health risks.<\/p>\n<p>Together with his wife and other inhabitants of the region, Dodds founded the<strong>Red Dust Action Group<\/strong>\u201d in order to draw the attention of those responsible, such as the South African Government, the mine operator, but also the major buyers of raw materials, to the situation and to call for improvement.<\/p>\n<p>As a major buyer of South African iron and manganese, Germany is also responsible.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element wpex-w-100\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<iframe width=\"416\" height=\"740\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/4UOQolye_u0\" title=\"Train Saldanha\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca861f5f2\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca861f5f2 > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:var(--wpex-palette-150-color);}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca86213d1 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-wrap wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca8620288\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-flex-1 wpex-bg-white wpex-shadow wpex-p-10 vcex_6aa7ca86213d1\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><blockquote>\n<p>All around us on farmland or open land, the ore is stored under the open sky. The loading of iron ore and other export minerals in the port also takes place under the open sky, so that the ore particles are carried by the wind into the surrounding shops and residential areas. We are also concerned about our health and the deterioration of our properties due to the pollution from the red dust that surrounds us.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u2013 Member of the Red Dust Action Group<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/PowerShift_Rohstoffpolitik_Broschuere-Suedafrika.pdf\" class=\"vcex-button theme-button flat accent small align-left inline\" title=\"Visit site\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"none noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"vcex-button-inner theme-button-inner wpex-flex wpex-flex-wrap wpex-items-center wpex-justify-center\"><span  style=\"color:000;margin-right:10px;font-size:16px;\" class=\"wpex-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M64 464l48 0 0 48-48 0c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64L0 64C0 28.7 28.7 0 64 0L229.5 0c17 0 33.3 6.7 45.3 18.7l90.5 90.5c12 12 18.7 28.3 18.7 45.3L384 304l-48 0 0-144-80 0c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32l0-80L64 48c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16l0 384c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16zM176 352l32 0c30.9 0 56 25.1 56 56s-25.1 56-56 56l-16 0 0 32c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-48 0-80c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm32 80c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24s-10.7-24-24-24l-16 0 0 48 16 0zm96-80l32 0c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48l0 64c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48l-32 0c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16l0-128c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm32 128c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16l0-64c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16l-16 0 0 96 16 0zm80-112c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16l48 0c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16l-32 0 0 32 32 0c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16l-32 0 0 48c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-64 0-64z\"\/><\/svg><\/span> Full interview in the background report (page 20)<\/span><\/a> \n<\/div><\/div><\/div><figure class=\"vcex-image vcex-module wpex-flex-1\"><div class=\"vcex-image-inner wpex-relative wpex-inline-block\"><img width=\"1080\" height=\"686\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/7-Red-Dust-Action-Group.jpg\" class=\"vcex-image-img wpex-align-middle\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/7-Red-Dust-Action-Group.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/7-Red-Dust-Action-Group-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/7-Red-Dust-Action-Group-1024x650.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/7-Red-Dust-Action-Group-768x488.jpg 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/7-Red-Dust-Action-Group-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/7-Red-Dust-Action-Group-600x381.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-wrap wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50\"><figure class=\"vcex-image vcex-module wpex-flex-1\"><div class=\"vcex-image-inner wpex-relative wpex-inline-block\"><img width=\"1930\" height=\"1340\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Sishen-Saldanha-Railway-Haltestellen.jpg\" class=\"vcex-image-img wpex-align-middle\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Sishen-Saldanha-Railway-Haltestellen.jpg 1930w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Sishen-Saldanha-Railway-Haltestellen-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Sishen-Saldanha-Railway-Haltestellen-1024x711.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Sishen-Saldanha-Railway-Haltestellen-768x533.jpg 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Sishen-Saldanha-Railway-Haltestellen-1536x1066.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Sishen-Saldanha-Railway-Haltestellen-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Sishen-Saldanha-Railway-Haltestellen-600x417.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1930px) 100vw, 1930px\" \/><\/div><\/figure><figure class=\"vcex-image vcex-module wpex-flex-1\"><div class=\"vcex-image-inner wpex-relative wpex-inline-block\"><img width=\"1140\" height=\"792\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6-Saldana-Bruecke_1140px.jpg\" class=\"vcex-image-img wpex-align-middle\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6-Saldana-Bruecke_1140px.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6-Saldana-Bruecke_1140px-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6-Saldana-Bruecke_1140px-1024x711.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6-Saldana-Bruecke_1140px-768x534.jpg 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6-Saldana-Bruecke_1140px-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6-Saldana-Bruecke_1140px-600x417.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row-o-full-height vc_row-o-columns-top vc_row-flex wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-vc_row-has-fill wpex-vc_row-mx-0 wpex-has-video-bg\"><div class=\"wpex-video-bg-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-overflow-hidden wpex-rounded-inherit\"><video class=\"wpex-video-bg wpex-video-bg-center wpex-absolute wpex-top-50 wpex-left-50 -wpex-translate-xy-50 wpex-w-auto wpex-h-auto wpex-min-w-100 wpex-min-h-100 wpex-max-w-none\" preload=\"auto\" autoplay=\"true\" aria-hidden=\"true\" playsinline loop=\"loop\" muted volume=\"0\"><source src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Sishen-Saldanha-Railway_komprimiert.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><\/video><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div style=\"color:var(--wpex-on-accent-alt);\" class=\"wpb_text_column has-custom-color wpex-child-inherit-color wpb_content_element wpex-mt-50\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h3>Railway line from the port in Saldanha to the Sishen Mine<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-pt-50 wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca862910a\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca862910a > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:var(--wpex-palette-150-color);}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column wpex-flex wpex-flex-wrap vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_tta-container\" data-vc-action=\"collapseAll\"><div class=\"vc_general vc_tta vc_tta-accordion vc_tta-color-grey vc_tta-style-total vc_tta-shape-rounded vc_tta-o-shape-group vc_tta-controls-align-default vc_tta-o-all-clickable vc_custom_1754496985614\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panels-container\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panels\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panel\" id=\"1754493531700-5617f2b4-0e17\" data-vc-content=\".vc_tta-panel-body\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"vc_tta-panel-title vc_tta-controls-icon-position-right\"><a href=\"#1754493531700-5617f2b4-0e17\" data-vc-accordion data-vc-container=\".vc_tta-container\"><span class=\"vc_tta-title-text\">Facts about iron<\/span><i class=\"vc_tta-controls-icon vc_tta-controls-icon-chevron\"><\/i><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div class=\"vc_tta-panel-body\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h5>How is iron ore mined and what role does South Africa play?<\/h5>\n<p>As a raw material for steel production, iron ore is mined in open pit mining. With a share of almost 38 percent, South Africa is the most important iron ore exporter for Germany. South Africa is the seventh largest producer in the world. In South Africa, iron ore is mainly mined in Northern Cape in the Sishen, Kolomela and Khumani mines. The mining area is connected to the port of Saldanha by a train route of more than 800 kilometres. A 342 wagon long freight train brings the ore to the port to be exported from there to the world.<\/p>\n<h5>What is iron ore used for?<\/h5>\n<p>Iron ore is needed in numerous applications, but plays an important role in Germany, especially in mechanical engineering, construction and the automotive industry. (E) cars consist of a considerable proportion of steel, which is mainly used in the body, but also in the chassis and battery housing as well as in the cathode of lithium-iron-phosphate batteries. In 2019, 26 percent of the processed steel flowed into the automotive industry.<\/p>\n<h5>What are the consequences of iron ore mining in South Africa?<\/h5>\n<p>A report by Action Aid South Africa and MACUA\/WAMUA examined the impact of mining on various mining communities in South Africa. These include Maremane, close to the Kolomela Mine, the second largest iron ore mine in South Africa. During the investigations, it became clear that the population, similar to the port of Saldanha, suffers from the enormous dust pollution. This is mainly a consequence of mining and transporting the ore on unpaved roads.<\/p>\n<p>In the Kolomela Mine, in addition to drilling, the conventional open pit process also blasts and transports the ore extracted from the mine to the nearby processing plant. There, the ore is broken and sifted and then brought to the port via the Sishen-Saldanha railway line. Particularly the resulting dust developments lead to considerable health problems for the population. In addition, the population is affected by various diseases resulting from the lack of access to water, electricity and housing.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_tta-panel\" id=\"1754494531549-5b28909c-8c52\" data-vc-content=\".vc_tta-panel-body\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"vc_tta-panel-title vc_tta-controls-icon-position-right\"><a href=\"#1754494531549-5b28909c-8c52\" data-vc-accordion data-vc-container=\".vc_tta-container\"><span class=\"vc_tta-title-text\">Facts about Manganese<\/span><i class=\"vc_tta-controls-icon vc_tta-controls-icon-chevron\"><\/i><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div class=\"vc_tta-panel-body\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h5>How is manganese mined and what role does South Africa play?<\/h5>\n<p>Manganese is mainly mined in open pit or underground mining as ore. South Africa is the most important producing country with 33 percent of global production. Two thirds of all manganese mines and a large part of the reserves are located in the so-called Kalahari manganese field, which extends over 425 km2 in northern South Africa (Northern Cape). It is the largest manganese ore deposit in the world. With the new classification of the EU, manganese is now one of the Strategic Raw Materials (SRM), as it is of particular importance for European industry. Planned, so-called strategic projects of the EU could therefore also affect the manganese fields in South Africa in the future.<\/p>\n<h5>What is manganese used for?<\/h5>\n<p>The most important application area for manganese is the steel industry with over 90 percent. Manganese is also an important component of the cathode of nickel-manganese cobalt or lithium-manganese batteries. Due to its specific chemical properties, manganese can improve the range and safety of an electric car.<\/p>\n<h5>What are the consequences of manganese mining in South Africa?<\/h5>\n<p>One of the biggest challenges in the mining and further processing of manganese is the enormous health hazard, which mainly emanates from black manganese dust. The small particles can get directly into the lungs and bloodstream through breathing. The smaller the manganese particles and the longer the exposure to manganese, the higher the risk that they will be absorbed by the body and suffer from manganeseism, a disease similar to Parkinson's disease. This chronic manganese poisoning leads to various neurological disorders, such as nerve and muscle damage, paralysis, speech and memory disorders as well as mental impairments. Especially workers in manganese mining, processing, transport and residents along the manganese rivers are exposed to the high risk of manganeseism in the absence of safety precautions.<\/p>\n<p>In an analysis by Action Aid, MACUA\/WAMUA and SOMO in 2021, the authors concluded that manganese mining in the Kalahari manganese field leads to water shortages and pollution of water, air and soil. As a result, local communities suffer from enormous health problems. Children and women in particular are affected by the effects of manganese extraction \u2013 be it through health damage such as reduced growth and lung diseases or the taking over of care work in the care of those affected.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca862bcd7 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-wrap wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca862a854\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-max-w-100 wpex-bg-white wpex-shadow wpex-p-10 wpex-pb-30 vcex_6aa7ca862bcd7\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><blockquote>\n<p>\u201cThe company knew the dangers of manganese, but they never warned us about it; [...] <strong>They just slowly killed us and no one will ever be held accountable.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u2013 Worker suffering from manganeseism as a result of working in a mine in the Kalahari manganese field<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element wpex-flex-1 wpex-mt-30\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpex-align-center wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-items-center wpex-gap-20\">\n<div class=\"theme-button-wrap textcenter wpex-clr\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.somo.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/ActionAid_MangaanRaport_Lowres.pdf\" class=\"vcex-button theme-button flat accent small align-center inline\" title=\"Visit site\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"none noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"vcex-button-inner theme-button-inner wpex-flex wpex-flex-wrap wpex-items-center wpex-justify-center\"><span  style=\"color:000;margin-right:10px;font-size:16px;\" class=\"wpex-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M64 464l48 0 0 48-48 0c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64L0 64C0 28.7 28.7 0 64 0L229.5 0c17 0 33.3 6.7 45.3 18.7l90.5 90.5c12 12 18.7 28.3 18.7 45.3L384 304l-48 0 0-144-80 0c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32l0-80L64 48c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16l0 384c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16zM176 352l32 0c30.9 0 56 25.1 56 56s-25.1 56-56 56l-16 0 0 32c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-48 0-80c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm32 80c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24s-10.7-24-24-24l-16 0 0 48 16 0zm96-80l32 0c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48l0 64c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48l-32 0c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16l0-128c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm32 128c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16l0-64c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16l-16 0 0 96 16 0zm80-112c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16l48 0c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16l-32 0 0 32 32 0c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16l-32 0 0 48c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-64 0-64z\"\/><\/svg><\/span> Study for download (PDF)<\/span><\/a><\/div> \n\n<div class=\"wpex-text-center\">\n<strong>Manganese matters<\/strong><br>\nA metal of consequence for women and communities in South Africa.<br>\n-<br>\nActionAid\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element wpex-flex-1 wpex-mt-30\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpex-align-center wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-items-center wpex-gap-20\">\n<div class=\"theme-button-wrap textcenter wpex-clr\"><a href=\"https:\/\/macua.org.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Social-Audit-Baseline-Full-Report-5.3_Online.pdf\" class=\"vcex-button theme-button flat accent small align-center inline\" title=\"Visit site\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"none noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"vcex-button-inner theme-button-inner wpex-flex wpex-flex-wrap wpex-items-center wpex-justify-center\"><span  style=\"color:000;margin-right:10px;font-size:16px;\" class=\"wpex-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M64 464l48 0 0 48-48 0c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64L0 64C0 28.7 28.7 0 64 0L229.5 0c17 0 33.3 6.7 45.3 18.7l90.5 90.5c12 12 18.7 28.3 18.7 45.3L384 304l-48 0 0-144-80 0c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32l0-80L64 48c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16l0 384c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16zM176 352l32 0c30.9 0 56 25.1 56 56s-25.1 56-56 56l-16 0 0 32c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-48 0-80c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm32 80c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24s-10.7-24-24-24l-16 0 0 48 16 0zm96-80l32 0c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48l0 64c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48l-32 0c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16l0-128c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm32 128c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16l0-64c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16l-16 0 0 96 16 0zm80-112c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16l48 0c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16l-32 0 0 32 32 0c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16l-32 0 0 48c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-64 0-64z\"\/><\/svg><\/span> Study for download (PDF)<\/span><\/a><\/div> \n\n<div class=\"wpex-text-center\">\n<strong>Mining in South Africa<\/strong><br>\nWhose Benefit and Whose Burden?<br>\n-<br>\nActionAid\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element wpex-w-100 wpex-my-30\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vcex-module vcex-divider vcex-divider-solid vcex-divider-center wpex-mx-auto wpex-max-w-100 wpex-block wpex-h-0 wpex-border-b wpex-border-solid wpex-border-main\" style=\"width:100%;margin-block:20px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-color:#dddddd;\"><\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element wpex-flex-1\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h3>Use of steel by industrial sector<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95620 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G9-Nutzung-Stahl-V2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1032\" \/><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element wpex-flex-1\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h3>Use of steel by industrial sector<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95620 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/G9-Nutzung-Stahl-V2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1032\" \/><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"section6\" data-vc-parallax=\"1.5\" data-vc-parallax-image=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/8-IMG_20230201_114014.jpg\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid section6 vc_row-o-full-height vc_row-o-columns-middle vc_row-flex vc_general vc_parallax vc_parallax-content-moving wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-vc_row-has-fill wpex-vc_row-mx-0\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element wpex-lg-max-w-50 wpex-bg-white wpex-p-30\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h2>The legacy of racist spatial policy in South Africa: Social inequalities along commodity flows<\/h2>\n<p>While workers and residents along the iron ore and manganese rivers face enormous risks and demand justice, mining companies continue to produce for the global market. And find buyers.<br \/>\nAlso in Germany.<\/p>\n<p>Despite the end of apartheid, there are still enormous inequalities within South Africa, which mainly result from the fact that the profits from mining and the commodity trade continue to benefit not mainly the majority society, but the elites of the country and foreign actors.<\/p>\n<p>An example of the historical continuities of racist spatial policy can be observed in the gold mining region one hour east of Johannesburg. Right next to the residential buildings in Khutsong, in the municipality of Merafong, holes open as deep as power poles.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-xl-pt-50 wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca86316b4\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca86316b4 > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:transparent;}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca86335a6 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca86322c7\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col vcex_6aa7ca86335a6\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><h2 class=\"vcex-teaser-heading wpex-heading wpex-text-xl\">From Unhealed Wounds and Persistent Vulnerabilities: PGM from South Africa<\/h2><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><p>Where the ground opens in one place, along the platinum belt in the province of Gauteng, piles of unused rock from the mining industry are piled up.<\/p>\n<p>Acting from a distance like mountain ranges, the remnants of the global commodity trade open up without any protection and in close proximity to residential settlements.<\/p>\n<p>As I look at the beige wall with the company name \u2018Sibanye Stillwater\u2019 in black letters, I clean my sunglasses from a fine layer of dust. I'm standing in front of Marikana's entrance gates.<\/p>\n<p>This summer marks the twelfth anniversary of the Marikana massacre. More than a decade of lack of accountability on the part of the South African government, the police, the then company Lonmin, now Sibanye Stillwater, and the raw material buyers.<\/p>\n<p>More than a decade of unanswered questions for victims and relatives.<\/p>\n<p>The wounds are deep and the wait for justice for those affected is painful.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/mg.co.za\/videos\/2023-08-16-marikana-south-africas-dark-heart-full-documentary\/\" class=\"vcex-button theme-button flat accent small align-left inline\" title=\"Visit site\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"none noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"vcex-button-inner theme-button-inner wpex-flex wpex-flex-wrap wpex-items-center wpex-justify-center\"><span  style=\"color:000;margin-right:10px;font-size:16px;\" class=\"wpex-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M464 256A208 208 0 1 0 48 256a208 208 0 1 0 416 0zM0 256a256 256 0 1 1 512 0A256 256 0 1 1 0 256zM188.3 147.1c7.6-4.2 16.8-4.1 24.3 .5l144 88c7.1 4.4 11.5 12.1 11.5 20.5s-4.4 16.1-11.5 20.5l-144 88c-7.4 4.5-16.7 4.7-24.3 .5s-12.3-12.2-12.3-20.9V168c0-8.7 4.7-16.7 12.3-20.9z\"\/><\/svg><\/span> The documentary \u2018Marikana \u2013 South Africa\u2019s Dark Heart\u2019, 2023<\/span><\/a> \n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element wpex-w-100\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<iframe title=\"Marikana\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/UgpJAF8KFH4\" width=\"416\" height=\"740\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"vc_tta-container\" data-vc-action=\"collapseAll\"><div class=\"vc_general vc_tta vc_tta-accordion vc_tta-color-grey vc_tta-style-total vc_tta-shape-rounded vc_tta-o-shape-group vc_tta-controls-align-default vc_tta-o-all-clickable\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panels-container\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panels\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panel\" id=\"1754501162137-2fb7dcc5-0e88\" data-vc-content=\".vc_tta-panel-body\"><div class=\"vc_tta-panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"vc_tta-panel-title vc_tta-controls-icon-position-right\"><a href=\"#1754501162137-2fb7dcc5-0e88\" data-vc-accordion data-vc-container=\".vc_tta-container\"><span class=\"vc_tta-title-text\">But what happened then?<\/span><i class=\"vc_tta-controls-icon vc_tta-controls-icon-chevron\"><\/i><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div class=\"vc_tta-panel-body\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p>On August 16, 2012, a strike by workers from the Marikana platinum mine was bloodily ended by the South African police and security staff of the mining company. 34 people were murdered by the police and at least 78 others were injured. The workers of the mine had abandoned their work to demand a living wage, better housing conditions and a fair distribution of raw material revenues.<\/p>\n<p>The Marikana massacre is not limited to South Africa. It is embedded in global commodity trading and responsibility networks. Germany also plays a role in this. At that time, the German company BASF was one of the main customers of the British company Lonmin and continues to purchase South African platinum. by Sibanye Stillwater.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50\"><figure class=\"vcex-image vcex-module wpex-flex-1\"><div class=\"vcex-image-inner wpex-relative wpex-inline-block\"><img width=\"1140\" height=\"1524\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Womens-Collective-v1.jpg\" class=\"vcex-image-img wpex-align-middle\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Womens-Collective-v1.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Womens-Collective-v1-224x300.jpg 224w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Womens-Collective-v1-766x1024.jpg 766w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Womens-Collective-v1-768x1027.jpg 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Womens-Collective-v1-9x12.jpg 9w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Womens-Collective-v1-600x802.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element wpex-flex-1\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p>Under the boiling January sun I now stand on a hill and look at the industrial facilities of the platinum factory, a wide field and the informal settlement of Nkaneng.<\/p>\n\n<p>At over 30 degrees, the piercing siren of the numerous power cables above me sounds even more crushing. It's not just any hill or field, it's the bloody scene of August 16, 2012. The bloody scene of the Marikana massacre.<\/p>\n\n<p>I'm not alone on the hill. Thato and Lizeka are standing next to me.<\/p>\n\n<p>They are part of the \u201cSinethemba Marikana Women\u2019s Collective\u201d. A self-organized grassroots group that came together after the massacre to provide a certain income to the women of Marikana through sewing and handicrafts.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wpex-bg-white wpex-p-10\">\n<blockquote>The living conditions are very bad. That hasn't changed. And that's even though we live right next to the mines. But it doesn't matter. It just doesn't do anything. Please listen to the needs of the miners, because they are the ones who feel the pain of working underground. We ask you to let the minerals of South Africa benefit the South Africans.<\/blockquote>\n<p>- Sinethemba Marikana Womens Collective<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<br><br>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/2025.power-shift.de\/media\/neue-rohstoffbedarfe-in-der-eu\/\" class=\"vcex-button theme-button flat accent small align-left inline\" title=\"Visit site\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"none noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"vcex-button-inner theme-button-inner wpex-flex wpex-flex-wrap wpex-items-center wpex-justify-center\"><span  style=\"color:000;margin-right:10px;font-size:16px;\" class=\"wpex-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 27 32\"><path d=\"M17.75 21.286q0 1.536-0.304 3.518-0.554 3.839-0.982 5.589-0.393 1.607-2.714 1.607t-2.714-1.607q-0.429-1.75-0.982-5.589-0.304-1.964-0.304-3.518 0-3 4-3t4 3zM27.429 13.714q0 4.286-2.393 7.75t-6.25 5q-0.143 0.054-0.268-0.054t-0.107-0.268q0.125-0.857 0.179-1.179 0.071-0.571 0.107-0.839 0.018-0.161 0.161-0.214 2.839-1.446 4.563-4.179t1.723-6.018q0-3.214-1.625-5.902t-4.411-4.188-6.018-1.321q-2.214 0.125-4.232 1.089t-3.455 2.509-2.286 3.607-0.83 4.295q0.018 3.286 1.768 6.009t4.589 4.134q0.125 0.054 0.161 0.214 0.054 0.375 0.107 0.804 0.018 0.161 0.089 0.58t0.107 0.634q0.018 0.161-0.116 0.268t-0.277 0.036q-2.643-1.036-4.661-3.027t-3.098-4.714-0.938-5.705q0.125-2.554 1.179-4.884t2.759-4.054 4.018-2.813 4.866-1.25q2.929-0.179 5.634 0.83t4.661 2.866 3.125 4.473 1.17 5.509zM17.75 13.143q0 1.661-1.17 2.83t-2.83 1.17-2.83-1.17-1.17-2.83 1.17-2.83 2.83-1.17 2.83 1.17 1.17 2.83zM22.893 13.714q0 2.179-0.955 4.080t-2.616 3.17q-0.143 0.107-0.286 0.036t-0.179-0.25q-0.107-0.929-0.518-1.643-0.125-0.179 0.054-0.357 1.036-0.964 1.625-2.268t0.589-2.768q0-1.982-1.045-3.643t-2.813-2.527-3.786-0.652q-2.375 0.268-4.089 2.018t-1.946 4.125q-0.179 1.643 0.42 3.143t1.759 2.571q0.179 0.179 0.054 0.357-0.429 0.732-0.518 1.661-0.036 0.161-0.179 0.232t-0.286-0.036q-1.696-1.321-2.652-3.268t-0.92-4.179q0.054-2.339 1.232-4.357t3.161-3.241 4.304-1.33q2.571-0.125 4.786 1.071t3.509 3.348 1.295 4.705z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span> Podcast: New raw material needs in the EU<\/span><\/a> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div data-vc-parallax=\"1.5\" data-vc-parallax-image=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Marikana-v1.jpg\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid section6 vc_row-o-full-height vc_row-o-columns-top vc_row-flex vc_general vc_parallax vc_parallax-content-moving wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-vc_row-has-fill wpex-vc_row-mx-0\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element wpex-max-w-70 wpex-bg-white wpex-p-10 wpex-mx-auto\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h3>Marikana Today and the Role of Germany<\/h3>\n<p>What Thato, Lizeka and Thumeka report is also reflected in the study by Asanda-Jonas Benya and Crispen Chinguno. They had interviewed numerous people in Marikana and found that working and living conditions, which were one of the reasons for the strikes in 2012, had improved only marginally and in some cases even worsened more than a decade later.<\/p>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/www.brot-fuer-die-welt.de\/fileadmin\/mediapool\/2_Downloads\/Fachinformationen\/Analyse\/Analyse106-Marikana-Warten-auf-Gerechtigkeit.pdf\" class=\"vcex-button theme-button flat accent small align-left inline\" title=\"Visit site\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"none noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"vcex-button-inner theme-button-inner wpex-flex wpex-flex-wrap wpex-items-center wpex-justify-center\">Bread for the World (2022) \u2018Waiting for Justice\u2019<\/span><\/a> <\/div>\n<div><div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:20px;\"><\/div><\/div>\n<p>Since there is almost no metallic mining in Germany, PGMs are imported on a large scale from abroad. With regard to platinum, South Africa is the second most important exporter for Germany. In total, more than three quarters of the platinum produced in South Africa is exported. BASF, based in Germany, has been one of the largest buyers of South African platinum for years. Despite devastating and ongoing human rights violations in PGM mining, such as the Marikana massacre, its production in South Africa has increased significantly in recent years. Compared to the previous year, the three largest mining companies Sibanye Stillwater, Anglo American Platinum and Impala Platinum lost more than ten percent more.<\/p>\n<p>With the announcement of the CRMA, South Africa was also designated as a potential strategic partner of the EU due to its significant role in the production of PGM.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"section7\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-xl-pt-50 wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca863b5d6\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca863b5d6 > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:transparent;}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca863d1db .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 background-germany vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca863bf52\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-flex-1 vcex_6aa7ca863d1db\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><h2 class=\"vcex-teaser-heading wpex-heading wpex-text-xl\">The role of German BASF<\/h2><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><p>The protest of South African civil society reaches all the way to Germany.<\/p>\n<p>Together with the \u201c<strong>Plough Back the Fruits<\/strong>\u201cCampaign, a South African-German organisation network, travelled by the South African journalist <strong>Niren Tolsi<\/strong> to Germany.<\/p>\n<p>Together with his colleague Paul Botes, he had documented the lives of the families who lost relatives in Marikana.<\/p>\n<p>In April 2023, Tolsi will address the German group directly at BASF's shareholders' meeting:<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.basflonmin.com\/who-we-are\/\" class=\"vcex-button theme-button flat accent small align-left inline\" title=\"Visit site\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"none noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"vcex-button-inner theme-button-inner wpex-flex wpex-flex-wrap wpex-items-center wpex-justify-center\"><span  style=\"color:000;margin-right:10px;font-size:16px;\" class=\"wpex-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M352 0c-12.9 0-24.6 7.8-29.6 19.8s-2.2 25.7 6.9 34.9L370.7 96 201.4 265.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0L416 141.3l41.4 41.4c9.2 9.2 22.9 11.9 34.9 6.9s19.8-16.6 19.8-29.6V32c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32H352zM80 32C35.8 32 0 67.8 0 112V432c0 44.2 35.8 80 80 80H400c44.2 0 80-35.8 80-80V320c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32s-32 14.3-32 32V432c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16H80c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V112c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16H192c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32s-14.3-32-32-32H80z\"\/><\/svg><\/span> Plough Back the Fruits<\/span><\/a> \n<\/div><\/div><\/div><figure class=\"vcex-image vcex-module wpex-flex-1\"><div class=\"vcex-image-inner wpex-relative wpex-inline-block\"><img width=\"1140\" height=\"692\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/BASF-v1.jpg\" class=\"vcex-image-img wpex-align-middle\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/BASF-v1.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/BASF-v1-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/BASF-v1-1024x622.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/BASF-v1-768x466.jpg 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/BASF-v1-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/BASF-v1-600x364.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<blockquote><p>\nI looked at their company profile, read BASF's annual reports, and saw what they wrote on their Marikana website, where they themselves present it as a best practice example for German industry, where they claim to be committed to clean supply chains. But the conditions in Marikana speak a different language. You are witnessing a different reality. The people there tell me that Sibanye Stillwater involves them even less than Lonmin, gives them even less say, gives them even less ability to act. If it, BASF, acts as if it is committed to clean supply chains, then it is also committed to these people.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u2013 Niren Tolsi<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-pt-50 wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca86403b1\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca86403b1 > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:var(--wpex-palette-52-color);}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 class=\"vcex-heading vcex-heading-plain vcex-module wpex-heading wpex-text-2xl\"><span class=\"vcex-heading-inner wpex-inline-block\">All of our dust:<br \/>\nWithout a change in raw materials, no justice for civil society worldwide.<\/span><\/h2><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca8642882 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca86418a9\"><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-flex-1 vcex_6aa7ca8642882\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><p>The bright light reflects in the clean windows of Cape Town's waterfront.<\/p>\n<p>Not far from the huge DHL stadium, but far from the mines in the Kalahari Mangan field or the platinum belt, the largest mining conference on the African continent meets.<\/p>\n<p>The annual \u2018Mining Indaba\u2019 brings together mining groups such as Anglo American, Rio Tinto and Co, politicians from all over the world, consultants and industry representatives.<\/p>\n<p>Exchanges will be held on investment opportunities, challenges and potentials of the African mining sector. \u201cUnlocking African Mining Investment: Stabitlity, Security and Supply\u201d is above the multi-day programme.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><figure class=\"vcex-image vcex-module wpex-flex-1\"><div class=\"vcex-image-inner wpex-relative wpex-inline-block\"><img width=\"1140\" height=\"835\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kapstadt-Waterkant-v1.jpg\" class=\"vcex-image-img wpex-align-middle\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kapstadt-Waterkant-v1.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kapstadt-Waterkant-v1-300x220.jpg 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kapstadt-Waterkant-v1-1024x750.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kapstadt-Waterkant-v1-768x563.jpg 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kapstadt-Waterkant-v1-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Kapstadt-Waterkant-v1-600x439.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><h3 class=\"vcex-heading vcex-heading-plain vcex-module wpex-heading wpex-text-2xl\"><span class=\"vcex-heading-inner wpex-inline-block\">Civil society in South Africa calls for voice and clarity<\/span><\/h3><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca8646b22 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca86458b2\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element wpex-flex-1\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p>Not far from the conference, anti-mining activists from the Right to Say No and People\u2019s Dialogue campaigns gather and hold signs to express their displeasure about the conference.<\/p>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1140\" height=\"740\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/AMI-v1.jpg\" class=\"image wp-image-88048  attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\">\n<div class=\"wpex-bg-white wpex-p-10 wpex-shadow wpex-mt-30\">\n<blockquote>\n<p>The purpose of the Indaba is to give companies a stage to promote extractivism and discuss how the mining sector can continue to flourish and benefit from it, while millions of people are suffering from the serious social and economic consequences of destructive mining and extractivism in general.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Matthew Hlabane (Right to Say No)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-flex-1 vcex_6aa7ca8646b22\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><p>Not far from Africa's largest mining conference, I now sit alongside numerous representatives from NGOs, churches, affected mining communities, trade unions and other organisations.<\/p>\n<p>I am currently visiting the Alternative Mining Indaba (AMI).<br \/>\nCivil society from South Africa and numerous other African countries came together to discuss the consequences of mining and the necessary steps towards a globally just energy transition.<\/p>\n<p>Whether in Saldanha, Maremane or gathered at the AMI:<br \/>\nThe increased interest in the so-called CRM and SRM, such as the PGM or manganese, is particularly noticeable for the mining communities. They notice it in increasing exploration, increased mining production, or increased transportation of raw materials in their immediate vicinity.<\/p>\n<p>I am far from the EU's plenary rooms and the debate as close as ever.<\/p>\n<p>With the demands of the Red Dust Action Group, the Sinethemba Women\u2019s Collective, MACUA\/WAMUA and Co in mind, with the current efforts of the EU to further promote mining, I am once again sitting in inner turmoil and turmoil between the conference participants.<br \/>\nThis time in Cape Town.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca8648688 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div id=\"section8\" class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col vcex_6aa7ca8648688\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><h2 class=\"vcex-teaser-heading wpex-heading wpex-text-xl\">Questions from South African civil society to the resource-using countries of the Global North<\/h2><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><p>(inter alia during the AMI and other civil society exchanges)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element wpex-bg-white wpex-shadow wpex-p-30 wpex-mt-50\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p><span class=\"wpex-text-lg\">Whose energy transition will it be?<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"wpex-text-lg\">Who will benefit from this?<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"wpex-text-lg\">Who designs them?<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"wpex-text-lg\">Who decides for whom and for what the energy is needed?<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"wpex-text-lg\">How can we ensure that communities are at the heart of debate and further implementation?<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"wpex-text-lg\">How do we ensure that communities have access to energy?<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"wpex-text-lg\">What will be different than in the last decades of the exploitation of raw materials?<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"wpex-text-lg\">What role do the countries of the Global North play in respecting the rights of communities and the environment?<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"wpex-text-lg\">How are the old crimes, such as the Marikana massacre, dealt with?<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"wpex-text-lg\">When and how will those who wait for justice come to justice?<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"wpex-text-lg\">What happens to the communities that currently live on coal mining?<br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"wpex-text-lg\">How do you ensure that you are involved in the transformation?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"section9\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid wpex-pt-50 wpex-vc-full-width-row wpex-vc-full-width-row--centered wpex-relative wpex-has-overlay wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca864950d\"><div class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-wrap wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit\"><style class=\"wpex-bg-overlay-css\">.wpex-has-overlay--6aa7ca864950d > .wpex-bg-overlay-wrap .wpex-bg-overlay{background-color:transparent;}<\/style><span class=\"wpex-bg-overlay color wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0 wpex-rounded-inherit wpex-duration-500 wpex-opacity-60 wpex-bg-black\"><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 class=\"vcex-heading vcex-heading-plain vcex-module wpex-heading wpex-text-2xl\"><span class=\"vcex-heading-inner wpex-inline-block\">What is actually critical:<br \/>\nLack of consumption reduction and EU ownership<\/span><\/h2><style>.vcex-teaser.vcex_6aa7ca864c3b9 .vcex-teaser-heading{margin-block-end:30px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-flex-container vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-gap-20 wpex-flex-col wpex-lg-flex-row wpex-py-50 vcex-flex-container_6aa7ca864b0a4\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element wpex-flex-1\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p>In the discussions with South African civil society, which are confronted with the various negative effects along the raw material flows, from mining to further processing to transport, or which are actively committed to a just transformation in South Africa, it is repeatedly emphasized:<\/p>\n<div class=\"wpex-text-lg wpex-border wpex-border-solid wpex-p-30\">The era of irresponsibility, looking away and ignoring must come to an end.<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-flex-1 vcex_6aa7ca864c3b9\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-0 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><p>Yes, metallic raw materials play an important role in the transformation into the post-fossil era, but metals defined by the EU as \u2018critical\u2019 or \u2018strategic\u2019 must not be given a free pass for mining as soon as possible.<\/p>\n<p>First and foremost, the definition must be a reminder to address the existing and current challenges along metallic raw material supply chains.<\/p>\n<p>Because what is really critical is the EU's consumption, which has always been far too high, knowingly ignoring the effects in the regions of mining and processing and also the life-threatening crossing of planetary borders.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"vcex-module vcex-divider vcex-divider-solid vcex-divider-center wpex-mx-auto wpex-max-w-100 wpex-block wpex-h-0 wpex-border-b wpex-border-solid wpex-border-main\" style=\"width:100%;margin-block:20px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-color:#dddddd;\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-teaser wpex-flex wpex-flex-col\"><div class=\"vcex-teaser-content\"><h2 class=\"vcex-teaser-heading wpex-heading wpex-text-xl\">A question of global justice...<\/h2><div class=\"vcex-teaser-text wpex-mt-10 wpex-last-mb-0 wpex-clr\"><div id=\"panel-w65f5b4eb63c2b-2-0-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor\" data-index=\"5\">\n<div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n<h3>Vehicles per 1000 people 2022<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"panel-w65f5b4eb63c2b-2-0-2\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor\" data-index=\"6\">\n<div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n<p>Germany <strong>30th place<\/strong> with <strong>628<\/strong> vehicles<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wpex-max-w-100 alignnone wp-image-95598 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Deutschland-V2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2280\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Deutschland-V2.png 2280w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Deutschland-V2-300x72.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Deutschland-V2-1024x247.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Deutschland-V2-768x185.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Deutschland-V2-1536x371.png 1536w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Deutschland-V2-2048x494.png 2048w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Deutschland-V2-18x4.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Deutschland-V2-600x145.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2280px) 100vw, 2280px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>South Africa <strong>108th place<\/strong> with <strong>176<\/strong> vehicles<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-95600 size-full\" title=\"wpex-max-w-100\" src=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Suedafrika-V2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2280\" height=\"168\" srcset=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Suedafrika-V2.png 2280w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Suedafrika-V2-300x22.png 300w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Suedafrika-V2-1024x75.png 1024w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Suedafrika-V2-768x57.png 768w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Suedafrika-V2-1536x113.png 1536w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Suedafrika-V2-2048x151.png 2048w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Suedafrika-V2-18x1.png 18w, https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Fahrzeuge-2022-Suedafrika-V2-600x44.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2280px) 100vw, 2280px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><style>.vcex-button.vcex_6aa7ca865136b{margin-block-start:50px;background:var(--wpex-accent);}<\/style><a href=\"https:\/\/power-shift.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/PowerShift_Rohstoffpolitik_Broschuere-Suedafrika.pdf\" class=\"vcex-button theme-button inline vcex_6aa7ca865136b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"vcex-button-inner theme-button-inner wpex-flex wpex-flex-wrap wpex-items-center wpex-justify-center\"><span class=\"vcex-button-icon vcex-icon-wrap theme-button-icon-left\"><span class=\"wpex-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M64 464l48 0 0 48-48 0c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64L0 64C0 28.7 28.7 0 64 0L229.5 0c17 0 33.3 6.7 45.3 18.7l90.5 90.5c12 12 18.7 28.3 18.7 45.3L384 304l-48 0 0-144-80 0c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32l0-80L64 48c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16l0 384c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16zM176 352l32 0c30.9 0 56 25.1 56 56s-25.1 56-56 56l-16 0 0 32c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-48 0-80c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm32 80c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24s-10.7-24-24-24l-16 0 0 48 16 0zm96-80l32 0c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48l0 64c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48l-32 0c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16l0-128c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm32 128c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16l0-64c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16l-16 0 0 96 16 0zm80-112c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16l48 0c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16l-32 0 0 32 32 0c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16s-7.2 16-16 16l-32 0 0 48c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-64 0-64z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span>All references and photo credits can be found in the brochure <\/span><\/a> <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Germany and the EU have been heavily dependent on raw materials from South Africa for decades. 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